Elaiophylin shows antiprotozoal activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1a and Trypanosoma brucei brucei GUTat 3.1 strains with IC50 of 0.36 μM and 0.45 μM, respectively.

Kobusin, a Calmodulin inhibitor, shows mild antiplasmodial,anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities; it may be beneficial for the treatment of neuro-inflammatory diseases through the inhibition of iNOS expression and peroxynitrite scavenging potential.

Shikonin is an TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor (IC50: 6.5 μM). Shikonin is also a selective PKM2 inhibitor and can also suppress activation of the NF-κB pathway and inhibit TNF-α.